دائره stepper motor شغاله ومتجربه

هذه دائره stepper motor control
دائره متجربه وشغاله تمام


The explanation of how this project work


There are two separated voltage sources that first one is 5v dc by using avoltage regulator lm 7805, this voltage belongs to the all circuit without the motor that have asecond voltage source 12v dc from abattery .
There is aswitch (on off) that responsible of operating the all circuit by applying 5v dc to the input of the MCU on pin B0 .Apush button switch using for the reset or restart the microcontroller because of any undesired output .
The motor we use is astepper motor with 7.5 degree and six terminals that operate on 12v dc. The two terminals of center tap is connected directly with the voltage and the other four terminals are connecting to the out put of the microcontroller where we can select the terminal that we need to connect it to the ground for passing the current in aspecified direction and so on with the other terminals to make a absolute round
When we connect the the voltages to the circuit as we explain in the previous , the micro is ready to work in this condition when the (on off) switch is in the condition of on the microcontroller can work and its output is connecting to an isolator optocoupler pc817
That isolate the micro of the motor. The output of the optocoupler is connected to the base of the transistor (2N2222) that operates on saturation in this case the collector connected to one of the fourth terminals of the motor and the emitter is connected to the ground , because of there is avoltage on the base that keep the transistor operate on saturation region and that means that the 12v dc(voltage on center tap) takes its way to ground through this transistor and the another transistors considered open circuit , this make the motor to rotate by 7.5 degree and so on by selecting the transistor to be in saturation using the microcontroller(pic16f84) .
We can control on the speed of the motor by the square wave of its input by changing in the delay time in the program of the microcontroller .
In our project we use adelay time 200 msec that causes the speed of the motor to equal to 6 rpm approximately .


العدد المكون القيمة السعرLE
6 Resistor 10k ohm 00.60
4 Resistor 100 ohm 00.40
4 Resistor 470 ohm 00.40
4 Optocoupler PC 817 04.00
4 Transistor 2N2222 02.00
1 MCU PIC16F84
1 Regulator LM 7805
1 Motor Stepper 05.00
1 Crystal XT 4 MHZ 03.50
2 Capacitor 30 Pf 00.25
1 Switch P Button 00.50
1 Switch On Off 01.25
1 Board C U 02.25

المشاكل التى واجهتنا




مشكله معرفة اطراف الموتور


وباستحدام بطارية وبتغير الاطراف تمت معرفة اطراف الموتور لكى يقوم بعمل لفة كاملة


عزل الميكروكنترولر عن الموتور


تم وضع optocoupler pc 817



معرفة اطراف optocoupler

وتم معرفة الاطراف عن طريق data sheet

مقاومة الدخل للترانستور

المقاومة الدخل كانت كبيرة وبالتالى كان الترانستور لا يدخل فى حالةالsaturationوتم وضع مقاومة اصغروهى 470 اوم

نوع الترنستور المستخدم

كان الترانستور D882 كان لا يدخل فى حالة الsatوتم استخدام ترانستور 2N2222
صعوبة التعامل مع الميكروكنترولر حيث تلفت عندما تعاملنا معها
مشكلة التغذية للموتور
تم فصل تغذية الموتور عن عن تغذية الموتور عن الميكروكنترولر

R1 , R2 ,R3 , R4, R5 , R8 10 K OHM
R6, R7, R9, R12 100 OHM
R10, R11, R13, R14 330 OHM
C1, C2 22 PF
Q1 XT 4 MHZ
S1 PUSH PUTTON
S2 ON OFF SWITCH
TRANSISTOR 2N2222
بيانات رسمه الدائره

نصل الرجل 14 من الميكرو بالتغذيه
ونصل الرجل 5 من الميكرو بالارضي
ويفضل ان تكون تغذيه الموتور منفصله عن تغذيه الميكرو
اما الاطراف (X1-1 &X1-2&X1-3&X1-4) فنصلهم باطراف الموتور

وبشكر ليك تعبك ده وربنا يوفقك

أشكرك أخي الكريم لكن أين الدائره